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Chlamydia

What's the current situation in Australia?

The reported number of cases has quadrupled in the last 10 years. 80% of cases are in 15-29 year olds.


How it spreads...

Most often through vaginal or anal sex without a condom.

Symptoms

Most don’t have symptoms. Discharge from your penis, pains with urinating. Bleeding between periods or pelvic pain.


How to prevent it

Use Condoms.

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Gonorrhoea

What's the current situation in Australia?

Gonorrhoea is the second most commonly reported STI, and diagnosis have risen by 25% over the last year.


How it spreads...

Vaginal, anal or oral sex without a condom.

Symptoms

Men: smelly discharge, swollen testicles. Women: vaginal discharge, pain on urination. But can show no symptoms.


How to prevent it

Use condoms.

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Syphilis

What's the current situation in Australia?

Rate of infection have risen in recent years, particularly in men who have sex with men and in some Aboriginal/ Torres Straight Islander communities.


How it spreads...

Transmitted through skin-to-skin contact with infected areas, and through oral, vaginal or anal sex without a condom.

Symptoms

Starts off with a painless ulcer. Can then develop into a rash across the whole body, flu-like symptoms and swollen glands.


How to prevent it

Condoms reduce the risk, but only protect the skin that is covered.

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Herpes

What's the current situation in Australia?

More than 1 in 10 Australians carries the virus responsible for genital herpes.


How it spreads...

Vaginal, anal and oral sex without a condom and genital skin-to-skin contact.

Symptoms

Herpes sometimes shows no sign of infection. Otherwise, blisters on the genitals which usually burst leaving sore ulcers, painful urinating and swollen glands.


How to prevent it

Condoms reduce the risk, but only protect the skin that is covered.

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Genital Warts (HPV)

What's the current situation in Australia?

4 out of 5 Australians experience HPV at some time in their lives, and it can increase a woman's risk of cervical cancer.


How it spreads...

Usually spread by direct skin-to-skin contact, or vaginal or anal sex without a condom.

Symptoms

Symptoms can include visible genital warts/cauliflower-like clusters, which can multiply, grow and bleed.


How to prevent it

Condoms reduce the risk, but only protect the skin that is covered.

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HIV

What's the current situation in Australia?

For the past three years the rate of HIV has remained relatively stable at about 1000 new cases a year following a steady increase in the early 2000's. Approximately a quarter of all new diagnoses of HIV infection are occurring amongst people aged 15-29.


How it spreads...

HIV is spread by anal or vaginal sex without a condom, from mother to baby (during childbirth or breastfeeding) and by sharing needles. In rare cases HIV is spread through oral sex and sharps injuries.

Symptoms

Some have no symptoms for years until the disease progresses to AIDS. But you may experience flu- like symptoms, extreme fatigue, weight loss and mouth ulcers.


How to prevent it

Use Condoms and don't share needles including tattooing and piercing equipment.

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